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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of the Royal Society Interface Année : 2017

Morphoelasticity in the development of brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus: from cell rounding to branching

Résumé

A biomechanical model is proposed for the growth of the brown alga Ecto-carpus siliculosus. Featuring ramified uniseriate filaments, this alga has two modes of growth: apical growth and intercalary growth with branching. Apical growth occurs upon the mitosis of a young cell at one extremity and leads to a new tip cell followed by a cylindrical cell, whereas branching mainly occurs when a cylindrical cell becomes rounded and swells, forming a spherical cell. Given the continuous interplay between cell growth and swelling, a poroelastic model combining osmotic pressure and volumetric growth is considered for the whole cell, cytoplasm and cell wall. The model recovers the morphogenetic transformations of mature cells: transformation of a cylindrical shape into spherical shape with a volumetric increase, and then lateral branching. Our simulations show that the poro-elastic model, including the Mooney –Rivlin approach for hyper-elastic materials, can correctly reproduce the observations. In particular, branching appears to be a plasticity effect due to the high level of tension created after the increase in volume of mature cells.
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hal-01480352 , version 1 (01-03-2017)

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Fei Jia, Martine Ben Amar, Bernard Billoud, Bénédicte Charrier. Morphoelasticity in the development of brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus: from cell rounding to branching. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2017, 14 (127), pp.20160596. ⟨10.1098/rsif.2016.0596⟩. ⟨hal-01480352⟩
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